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At Charak Hospital, our nephrologists provide comprehensive management of chronic kidney disease at all stages. Early intervention, medication management, and lifestyle modification slow progression and delay the need for dialysis or transplantation.
CKD is classified into 5 stages based on GFR (kidney filtering rate).
Kidneys are working well, but kidney damage is present (protein in urine or structural abnormality). No symptoms. Management: treat cause of damage, control blood pressure and diabetes, lifestyle modification.
Mild decrease in kidney function with evidence of kidney damage. No symptoms usually. Management: same as stage 1, close monitoring of GFR decline rate.
Moderate decrease in kidney function. May develop anemia, bone disease, blood pressure problems. Management: medication, nutritional counseling, prepare for possible dialysis/transplant.
More significant kidney function loss. Increased risk of complications. Need specialist nephrology care. Medication adjustment critical.
Severe reduction in kidney function. Symptoms present: fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea. Urgent need for preparation for dialysis/transplant. Referral to transplant team essential.
Kidney failure requiring dialysis or transplant to survive. Dialysis removes waste and excess fluid; transplant provides best long-term outcomes.
Common CKD Causes & Prevention
Mild or none—often discovered on routine lab tests. Elevated creatinine, reduced GFR, or proteinuria on urinalysis.
Fatigue, weakness, shortness of breath, nausea/vomiting, swollen feet/hands, poor appetite, difficulty concentrating, muscle cramps. Seek immediate care if experiencing these.
Screening at-risk patients (diabetes, hypertension, family history) via creatinine and GFR to catch CKD early when intervention is most effective.
ACE-I/ARB, blood pressure meds, phosphate binders, erythropoietin for anemia—optimized to slow progression and manage complications.
Protein, sodium, potassium, phosphorus, fluid restriction tailored to CKD stage to reduce kidney workload and prevent complications.
Regular exercise, weight management, smoking cessation, stress reduction—all slow CKD progression and improve overall health.
For stage 4-5: early living-donor evaluation, deceased-donor registry enrollment, preparation for transplant surgery.
Highest standards of nephrology care, laboratory testing, and patient safety throughout CKD management.
For advanced treatment options including dialysis management and kidney transplant, consult our Institute of Urology and Kidney Transplant. Dr. Kanishk Dokania and Dr. Shailendra Pratap Singh specialize in kidney transplantation.
Learn More About Kidney Transplant