Menstrual disorders cover a wide range of problems: periods that come too often or too rarely, bleeding that is too heavy or lasts too long, severe cramps (dysmenorrhoea), premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and complete absence of periods (amenorrhoea). In Lucknow and across Uttar Pradesh, PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is the most common cause of irregular periods in young women, while fibroids and adenomyosis are frequent causes of heavy bleeding in women in their 30s and 40s. Our gynaecologists investigate the root cause with targeted blood tests and ultrasound, then offer individualised treatment — from simple lifestyle changes and medications to minimally invasive surgery.
Signs You Should See a Gynaecologist
- Periods coming less than 21 days or more than 35 days apart
- Periods lasting more than 7 days
- Soaking through a pad in 1–2 hours
- Passing large blood clots
- Severe cramps interfering with daily activities
- No period for 3 or more months (excluding pregnancy)
- Spotting between periods or after sex
- Heavy periods with symptoms of anaemia (fatigue, dizziness, breathlessness)
Types of Menstrual Disorders
Irregular Periods / Oligomenorrhoea
Most commonly caused by PCOS, thyroid imbalance, or stress. Managed with lifestyle changes, hormonal tablets, or treatment of the underlying cause.
Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia)
Caused by fibroids, polyps, adenomyosis, or hormonal imbalance. Treated medically first (tranexamic acid, NSAIDs, hormonal therapy); surgery if needed — endometrial ablation or hysterectomy.
Painful Periods (Dysmenorrhoea)
Primary dysmenorrhoea managed with NSAIDs. Secondary dysmenorrhoea (due to endometriosis or fibroids) requires further investigation and targeted treatment.
Treatment Options
- Blood tests: hormones (FSH, LH, TSH, prolactin, AMH), CBC to check for anaemia
- Pelvic ultrasound to detect fibroids, cysts, or thick uterine lining
- Hysteroscopy for polyps and submucous fibroids
- Hormonal therapy: oral contraceptive pills, progesterone, or Mirena (LNG-IUS)
- Medical management: tranexamic acid, NSAIDs, GnRH analogues
- Minimally invasive surgery: hysteroscopy, laparoscopy, endometrial ablation
Recovery & Aftercare
Recovery depends on the treatment chosen. Medical management begins working within 1–3 cycles. After hysteroscopy or endometrial ablation, most women resume normal activities within a few days. We provide a follow-up plan to reassess response and adjust treatment as needed.
Why Choose Charak Hospital?
- NABH-accredited facility
- Senior gynaecology team
- Laparoscopic & advanced surgical options
- 24×7 emergency care
- Full NICU & PICU backup
- Transparent treatment planning
- Compassionate multilingual staff
- Affordable, transparent pricing
Frequently Asked Questions
PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) and PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) both involve ovaries producing immature eggs that accumulate as cysts, but PCOS is more severe with significant hormonal imbalance and metabolic effects. PCOD is more common—about 22% of Indian women—and responds well to lifestyle changes. Both conditions cause irregular periods, weight gain, acne, and hair problems, but a specialist can diagnose which you have through ultrasound and blood tests.
Yes, the majority of women with PCOD can and do get pregnant—either naturally or with a little medical help. PCOD causes irregular ovulation, so medications like letrozole are often used to stimulate egg release. With proper treatment and lifestyle management, pregnancy success rates are very good, and most women with PCOD have healthy babies.
There is no one-time permanent cure, but PCOD can be effectively controlled—so well that many women become symptom-free. Lifestyle changes like weight loss (even 5–10% of body weight), a low-sugar diet, and regular exercise are the most powerful treatments. Medications help when lifestyle changes alone are not enough, and your specialist will design a long-term plan tailored to your goals, including pregnancy.
Irregular periods in Indian women are most commonly caused by PCOD, thyroid disorders, stress, sudden weight change, and anaemia. In young girls, it can also simply be the cycle still establishing itself in the first few years after menarche. A gynaecologist will run a few blood tests (hormones, thyroid, blood count) and a pelvic ultrasound to identify the exact cause, which then guides the right treatment.
Heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) in Indian women is often caused by uterine fibroids, PCOD, thyroid problems, endometriosis, polyps, or hormonal imbalance. It can also lead to iron-deficiency anaemia, causing tiredness and weakness. Treatment depends on the underlying cause—a doctor will examine you and may suggest a pelvic ultrasound and blood tests before recommending the right therapy, which could range from medications to minimally invasive procedures.
Yes, PCOD is associated with insulin resistance which causes the body to store more fat, particularly around the abdomen. However, PCOD does not make it impossible to lose weight—it just requires a more targeted approach with a low glycaemic diet and regular exercise. Losing weight with PCOD, in turn, improves hormonal balance and can restore regular periods naturally.
Treatment depends on the cause and your plans for future pregnancy. Options include hormonal tablets or an IUS (intrauterine system) like Mirena, which dramatically reduce bleeding; medications like tranexamic acid for immediate relief; or minimally invasive procedures like endometrial ablation or hysteroscopic fibroid removal. Surgery is only recommended when all other options have failed.
In young women, irregular periods are almost always caused by hormonal imbalances like PCOD, thyroid issues, or stress—not cancer. However, in women over 40, irregular or heavy bleeding, especially after menopause, should always be evaluated by a gynaecologist as it can, in rare cases, indicate uterine or cervical changes. Do not panic, but do get checked—early evaluation gives peace of mind and, if needed, early treatment.
Missing periods (amenorrhoea) is normal only during pregnancy or menopause. At other times, absent periods need medical evaluation—common causes include PCOD, very low body weight, extreme stress, thyroid disorders, or rarely a structural issue with the uterus. Do not ignore missed periods for more than 3 months; a gynaecologist can identify the cause quickly with simple tests.
Mild cramping during periods is normal, but severe, debilitating pain (dysmenorrhoea) is not something you should simply 'tolerate.' Painful periods can be caused by endometriosis, adenomyosis, fibroids, or pelvic inflammatory disease. Effective treatments are available—from medications and hormonal therapy to laparoscopic surgery for endometriosis—and you do not need to suffer every month.
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