What is an AV Fistula?

An arteriovenous (AV) fistula is a surgically created connection between an artery and a vein, typically in the forearm or upper arm. It causes the vein to enlarge and develop thicker walls — creating a robust, long-lasting access point for haemodialysis needles. It is the preferred vascular access for haemodialysis — the "gold standard."

Why AV Fistula is Preferred

Planning AV Fistula Creation

• Create fistula 3–6 months before anticipated start of dialysis (to allow maturation)
• Vessel mapping with Doppler ultrasound before surgery
• Radiocephalic (wrist) fistula preferred — uses most distal vessels first
• Brachiocephalic (elbow) fistula if wrist vessels inadequate
• Day-care procedure under local/regional anaesthesia
• Fistula matures (enlarges) in 6–8 weeks before use